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New perspectives in free nitrous acid (FNA) uses for sustainable wastewater management

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1786-5

摘要：

● The historical development of free nitrous acid (FNA) technologies is reviewed.

关键词： Free nitrous acid     Acid-tolerant ammonia oxidizer     In situ generation     Wastewater management    

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Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed

Juan WU, Jian ZHANG, Wenlin JIA, Huijun XIE, Bo ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 241-247 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0023-6

摘要： The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the influent on nitrous oxide (N O) emissions, together with the relationships between N O and water quality parameters in free water surface constructed wetlands, were investigated with laboratory-scale systems. N O emission and purification performance of wastewater were very strongly dependent on COD concentration in the influent, and the total N O emission in the system with middle COD influent concentration was the least. The relationships between N O and the chemical and physical water quality variables were studied by using principal component scores in multiple linear regression analysis to predict N O flux. The multiple linear regression model against principal components indicated that different water parameters affected N O flux with different COD concentrations in the influent, but nitrate nitrogen affected N O flux in all systems.

关键词： free water surface constructed wetland     nitrous oxide emission     water quality parameter     principal component analysis     multiple linear regression    

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Short-term effects of excessive anaerobic reaction time on anaerobic metabolism of denitrifying polyphosphate- accumulating organisms linked to phosphorus removal and N

Gang GUO, Yayi WANG, Chong WANG, Hong WANG, Mianli PAN, Shaowei CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 616-624 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0505-4

摘要： The short-term effect of anaerobic reaction time (AnRT) (i.e., 90, 120 and 150 min) on the denitrifying phosphorus (P) removal performance and N O production was examined using a denitrifying enhanced biologic phosphorus removal (EBPR) sludge acclimatized with mixed acetate (HAc) and propionate (Pro) (in the molar ratio 3∶1) as carbon sources. The results showed that when the AnRT was prolonged from 90 to 150 min, the anaerobic polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthesis was decreased by 15.3%. Moreover, the ineffective PHA consumption occurred in anaerobic phases and contributed to an increased accumulation and higher free nitrous acid (FNA) concentrations (≥0.001–0.0011 mg HNO -N/L) in the subsequent anoxic phases, causing a severe inhibition on anoxic P-uptake and denitrification. Accordingly, the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies dropped by approximately 6.3% and 85.5%, respectively; and the ratio of anoxic N O-N production to TN removal increased by approximately 3.8%. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that the sludge was mainly dominated by (62.0% (SE = 1.5%)). In conclusion, the short-term excessive anaerobic reaction time negatively impacted denitrifying P removal performance and stimulated more N O production, and its effect on P removal was more obvious than that on nitrogen removal.

关键词： Denitrifying phosphorus removal     anaerobic reaction time     nitrous oxide     polyhydroxyalkanoate     free nitrous acid     fluorescence in-situ hybridization    

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Organics Recovery from Waste Activated Sludge In-situ Driving Efficient Nitrogen Removal from Mature Landfill Leachate: An Innovative Biotechnology with Energy Superiority

Fangzhai Zhang,Shang Ren,Haoran Liang,Zhaozhi Wang,Ying Yan,Jiahui Wang,Yongzhen Peng,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.005

摘要： The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention, but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology. This study presents an innovative biotechnology based on free nitrous acid (FNA) to realize sustainable organics recovery from waste activated sludge (WAS) in-situ, driving efficient nitrogen removal from ammonia rich mature landfill leachate by integrating partial nitrification, fermentation, and denitrification process (PN/DN–F/DN). First, ammonia ((1708.5 ± 142.9) mg·L−1) in mature landfill leachate is oxidized to nitrite in the aerobic stage of a partial nitrification coupling denitrification sequencing batch reactor (PN/DN-SBR), with nitrite accumulation ratio of 95.4% ± 2.5%. Then, intermediate effluent (NO2−–N = (1196.9 ± 184.2) mg·L−1) of the PN/DN-SBR, along with concentrated WAS (volatile solids (VSs) = (15119.8 ± 2484.2) mg·L−1), is fed into an anoxic reactor for fermentation coupling denitrification process (F/DN-SBR). FNA, the protonated form of nitrite, degrades organics in the WAS to the soluble fraction by the biocidal effect, and the released organics are utilized by denitrifiers to drive NOx− reduction. An ultra-fast sludge reduction rate of 4.89 kg·m−3·d−1 and nitrogen removal rate of 0.46 kg·m−3·d−1 were realized in the process. Finally, F/DN-SBR effluent containing organics is refluxed to PN/DN-SBR for secondary denitrification in the post anoxic stage. After 175 d operation, an average of 19350.6 mg chemical oxygen demand organics were recovered per operational cycle, with 95.2% nitrogen removal and 53.4% sludge reduction. PN/DN–F/DN is of great significance for promoting a paradigm transformation from energy consumption to energy neutral, specifically, the total benefit in equivalent terms of energy was 291.8 kW·h·t−1 total solid.

关键词： Waste activated sludge     Bioresource recovery     Simultaneous treatment of wastewater and sludge     Mature landfill leachate     Free nitrous acid    

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Enzymatic nitrous oxide emissions from wastewatertreatment

Gang Guo, Yayi Wang, Tianwei Hao, Di Wu, Guang-Hao Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1021-3

摘要： Nitrous oxide (N O), a potent greenhousegas, is emitted during nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment, significantlycontributing to greenhouse effect. Nitrogen removal generally involvesnitrification and denitrification catalyzed by specific enzymes. N O production and consumption vary considerably in responseto specific enzyme-catalyzed nitrogen imbalances, but the mechanismsare not yet completely understood. Studying the regulation of relatedenzymes’ activity is essential to minimize N O emissions during wastewater treatment. This paper aims to reviewthe poorly understood related enzymes that most commonly involvedin producing and consuming N O in terms oftheir nature, structure and catalytic mechanisms. The pathways ofN O emission during wastewater treatment arebriefly introduced. The key environmental factors influencing N O emission through regulatory enzymes are summarizedand the enzyme-based mechanisms are revealed. Several enzyme-basedtechniques for mitigating N O emissions directlyor indirectly are proposed. Finally, areas for further research onN O release during wastewater treatment arediscussed.

关键词： Nitrous oxide     Mitigation     Enzyme catalysis     Nitrogen removal     Wastewater treatment    

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Efficient base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over copper-doped

Feng Cheng, Dongwen Guo, Jinhua Lai, Meihui Long, Wenguang Zhao, Xianxiang Liu, Dulin Yin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 960-968 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1999-5

摘要： 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important and renewable building block and can serve as an alternative to terephthalic acid in the production of bio-based degradable plastic. In this study, Cu-doped MnO  nanorods were prepared by a facile hydrothermal redox method and employed as catalysts for the selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to FDCA using -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as an oxidant. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of oxidants, solvents, and reaction conditions on the oxidation of HMF were investigated, and a reaction mechanism was proposed. Experimental results demonstrated that 99.4% conversion of HMF and 96.3% selectivity of FDCA were obtained under suitable conditions, and -butanol was the most suitable solvent when TBHP was used as an oxidant. More importantly, the Cu-doped MnO catalyst can maintain durable catalytic activity after being recycled for more than ten times.

关键词： 5-hydroxymethylfurfural     25-furandicarboxylic acid     selective oxidation     Cu-doped MnO2     biomass transformation    

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Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia generation in full-scale swine wastewater purification facilities

Takashi Osada, Makoto Shiraishi, Teruaki Hasegawa, Hirofumi Kawahara

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0933-7

摘要： The activated sludge process to remove nitrogen and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is reportedly cost-effective for swine wastewater treatment, and it use has thus increased in pig farming. Nitrous oxide (N O) is generated on farms as an intermediate product in nitrification and denitrification, and methane (CH ) is also generated from organic degradation under anaerobic conditions by microorganisms in manure or wastewater. This study was carried out at five activated sludge treatment facilities across Japan between August 2014 and January 2015. Measurements were conducted over several weeks at wastewater purification facilities for swine farms: two in Chiba prefecture (East Japan), two in Okayama prefecture (West Japan), and one in Saga (Southern Japan). Taking several environmental fluctuations into account, we collected measurement data continuously day and night, during both high-temperature and low-temperature periods. The results indicated that CH and N O emission factors were 0.91% (kgCH · kg volatile solids ) and 2.87% (g N O-N· kg total N ), respectively. Ammonia emissions were negligible in all of the measurements from the wastewater facilities. The N O emission factor calculated under this experiment was low compared to our previous finding (5.0%; g N O-N· kg N ) in a laboratory experiment. In contrast, the CH emission factor calculated herein was rather high compared to the laboratory measurements. There was great variation in daily GHG emission factors measured in the actual wastewater treatment facilities. In particular, the N O emission rate was affected by several environmental conditions at each facility location, as well as by the management of the wastewater treatment.

关键词： Manure     Greenhouse gas     Denitrification     BOD/N     Nitrous oxide     Methane    

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Impact of dissolved oxygen on the production of nitrous oxide in biological aerated filters

Qiang He, Yinying Zhu, Guo Li, Leilei Fan, Hainan Ai, Xiaoliu Huangfu, Hong Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0964-0

摘要： Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and microelectrode technology were employed to evaluate the Nitrous oxide (N O) production in biological aerated filters (BAFs) under varied dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations during treating wastewater under laboratory scale. The average yield of gasous N O showed more than 4-fold increase when the DO levels were reduced from 6.0 to 2.0 mg·L , indicating that low DO may drive N O generation. PCR-DGGE results revealed that were dominant and may be responsible for N O emission from the BAFs system. While at a low DO concentration (2.0 mg·L ), might play a role. When DO concentration was the limiting factor (reduced from 6.0 to 2.0 mg·L ) for nitrification, it reduced NO -N oxidation as well as the total nitrification. The data from this study contribute to explain how N O production changes in response to DO concentration, and may be helpful for reduction of N O through regulation of DO levels.

关键词： Nitrous oxide     Biological aerated filter     Microelectrode     Dissolved oxygen     Biofilm    

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Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils by precision management

Robert M. REES, Juliette MAIRE, Anna FLORENCE, Nicholas COWAN, Ute SKIBA, Tony van der WEERDEN, Xiaotang JU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 75-80 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019294

摘要：

Nitrous oxide (N O) emissions make up a significant part of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. There is an urgent need to identify new approaches to the mitigation of these emissions with emerging technology. In this short review four approaches to precision managements of agricultural systems are described based on examples of work being undertaken in the UK and New Zealand. They offer the opportunity for N O mitigation without any reduction in productivity. These approaches depend upon new sensor technology, modeling and spatial information with which to make management decisions and interventions that can both improve agricultural productivity and environmental protection.

关键词： decision support systems     mitigation     nitrous oxide     precision farming    

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Effect of the addition of organic carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in anaerobic-aerobic (low

Hongjing LI, Xiurong CHEN, Yinguang CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 490-499 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0248-4

摘要： The effect of additional organic carbon sources on the production of nitrous oxide (N O) in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) real wastewater treatment system was investigated. In this paper, three laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) (SBR-1, SBR-2 and SBR-3) were operating under an anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen, 0.15–0.45 mg·L ) configuration. The SBRs were ‘long-term cultured’ respectively with a single municipal wastewater sample, sodium acetate, and a waste-activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid as the additional carbon sources of real wastewater. Off-gas analysis showed that N O was emitted into the atmosphere during the aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) period in the three SBRs, and the order of N O emission rate was SBR-2>SBR-1>SBR-3. It was observed that the higher poly-β-hydroxyvalerate fraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates, the lower glycogen transformation and less nitrite accumulation was in SBR-3, while the opposite behavior was observed in SBR-2. Further research indicated that the interaction of the factors above potentially affected the N O emission in the anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) system.

关键词： anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen)     nitrous oxide (N2O) emitting rate     municipal wastewater     waste activated sludge     alkaline fermentation liquid    

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Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

Fernando Villarreal,Cheemeng Tan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 58-65 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1610-x

摘要： The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advancement of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution of biomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system     application    

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Recent advances in cycloaddition of CO with epoxides: halogen-free catalysis and mechanistic insights

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1879-1894 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2354-4

摘要： The atom-economical cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides to synthesize cyclic carbonates is a promising route for valuable utilization of CO2. Halogenide such as alkali metal halides and quaternary ammonium salt have been developed as the efficient catalysts. However, the spilled halogen causes equipment corrosion and affects the product purity. To address these concerns, the halogen-free cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides has always been desired. In this review, we systematically discussed the halogen-free catalysis for cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides from the mechanistic insights, aiming to promote the development of efficient halogen-free catalysts. Two types of catalysts, i.e., alternatives of halogen nucleophiles for epoxide activation, and bifunctional catalysts with Lewis acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO2 and epoxides are summarized and emphasized. Specially, metal oxides as the potential halogen-free catalysts are highlighted due to their flexible acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO2 and epoxides, facile preparation, and low cost.

关键词： carbon dioxide     halogen-free catalysis     cyclic carbonate     mechanistic insight    

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Hollow carbon spheres and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1380-1407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2097-z

摘要： Hollow carbon spheres have garnered great interest owing to their high surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio and reduced transmission lengths. Herein, we overview hollow carbon sphere-based materials and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis. Firstly, we summarize the key fabrication techniques for various kinds of hollow carbon spheres, with a particular emphasis on controlling pore structure and surface morphology, and then heterogeneous doping as well as their metal-free/containing hybrids are presented; next, possible applications for non-noble metal/hollow carbon sphere hybrids in the area of energy-related catalysis, including oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, water splitting, rechargeable Zn-air batteries and pollutant degradation are discussed; finally, we introduce the various challenges and opportunities offered by hollow carbon spheres from the perspective of synthesis and catalysis.

关键词： hollow carbon spheres     functionalization     noble metal-free     catalysis    

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Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar

Kaikai Zhang, Peng Sun, Yanrong Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1106-7

摘要：

PFRs were produced on biochar during Cr(VI) decontamination.

PFRs formation on biochar was owing to the oxidization of phenolic-OH by Cr(VI).

Appearance of excessive oxidant led to the consumption of PFRs on biochar.

Biochar charred at high temperature possessed great performance to Cr(VI) removal.

关键词： Biochar     Persistent free radicals     Phenolic hydroxyl groups     Cr(VI) reduction    

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Thermoresponsive block copolymer supported Pt nanocatalysts for base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1514-1523 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2092-4

摘要： A base-free catalytic system for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was exploited by using Pt nanoparticles immobilized onto a thermoresponsive poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile)-b-poly(N-vinylimidazole) block copolymer, with an upper critical solution temperature of about 45 °C. The Pt nanocatalysts were well-dispersed and highly active for the base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural by molecular oxygen in water, affording high yields of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (up to>99.9%). The imidazole groups in the block copolymer were conducive to the improvement of catalytic performance. Moreover, the catalysts could be easily separated and recovered based on their thermosensitivity by cooling the reaction system below the upper critical solution temperature. Good stability and reusability were observed over these copolymer-immobilized catalysts with no obvious decrease in catalytic activity in the five consecutive cycles.

关键词： aerobic oxidation     base-free     5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural     Pt nanoparticle     thermoresponsive block copolymer    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

New perspectives in free nitrous acid (FNA) uses for sustainable wastewater management

期刊论文

Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed

Juan WU, Jian ZHANG, Wenlin JIA, Huijun XIE, Bo ZHANG

期刊论文

Short-term effects of excessive anaerobic reaction time on anaerobic metabolism of denitrifying polyphosphate- accumulating organisms linked to phosphorus removal and N

Gang GUO, Yayi WANG, Chong WANG, Hong WANG, Mianli PAN, Shaowei CHEN

期刊论文

Organics Recovery from Waste Activated Sludge In-situ Driving Efficient Nitrogen Removal from Mature Landfill Leachate: An Innovative Biotechnology with Energy Superiority

Fangzhai Zhang,Shang Ren,Haoran Liang,Zhaozhi Wang,Ying Yan,Jiahui Wang,Yongzhen Peng,

期刊论文

Enzymatic nitrous oxide emissions from wastewatertreatment

Gang Guo, Yayi Wang, Tianwei Hao, Di Wu, Guang-Hao Chen

期刊论文

Efficient base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over copper-doped

Feng Cheng, Dongwen Guo, Jinhua Lai, Meihui Long, Wenguang Zhao, Xianxiang Liu, Dulin Yin

期刊论文

Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia generation in full-scale swine wastewater purification facilities

Takashi Osada, Makoto Shiraishi, Teruaki Hasegawa, Hirofumi Kawahara

期刊论文

Impact of dissolved oxygen on the production of nitrous oxide in biological aerated filters

Qiang He, Yinying Zhu, Guo Li, Leilei Fan, Hainan Ai, Xiaoliu Huangfu, Hong Li

期刊论文

Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils by precision management

Robert M. REES, Juliette MAIRE, Anna FLORENCE, Nicholas COWAN, Ute SKIBA, Tony van der WEERDEN, Xiaotang JU

期刊论文

Effect of the addition of organic carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in anaerobic-aerobic (low

Hongjing LI, Xiurong CHEN, Yinguang CHEN

期刊论文

Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

Fernando Villarreal,Cheemeng Tan

期刊论文

Recent advances in cycloaddition of CO with epoxides: halogen-free catalysis and mechanistic insights

期刊论文

Hollow carbon spheres and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis

期刊论文

Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar

Kaikai Zhang, Peng Sun, Yanrong Zhang

期刊论文

Thermoresponsive block copolymer supported Pt nanocatalysts for base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl

期刊论文